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LFOM & PROM Drying 

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Introduction

Liquid Fraction of Organic Matter (LFOM) and Pressed Residual Organic Matter (PROM) represent two distinctly different output streams from mechanical separation of digestate, each with unique drying requirements and end-product value propositions. LFOM, the liquid fraction recovered after press or centrifuge separation is characterised by its high dissolved nutrient load, low dry matter content (typically 2–6% DM), and complex rheological behaviour that demands specialised concentration or spray drying equipment rather than conventional belt or drum systems. PROM — the pressed solid fraction with 25–35% DM, responds well to thermal belt or drum drying and represents the higher-value solid bio-fertiliser stream. Kerone Engineering Solutions has developed dedicated drying and concentration systems for both fractions, recognising that optimised separate-stream processing delivers significantly better agronomic product quality and operational economics than attempting to process mixed digestate as a whole.

Why Choose Kerone LFOM & PROM Drying

Kerone’s expertise in LFOM and PROM processing is grounded in a detailed understanding of the compositional differences between these fractions and the process engineering implications of those differences. For LFOM, We applies falling-film evaporation, vacuum concentration, or spray drying technology depending on the target concentration factor and end-product form, from liquid fertiliser concentrate to fully dried powder. For PROM, our low-temperature belt dryers operating at 60–90°C preserve the organic nitrogen in accessible form for slow-release soil application, a critical agronomic quality parameter. By treating each fraction with its optimal technology, Kerone enables AD operators to achieve higher product values, cleaner nutrient streams, and lower per-tonne processing costs compared to whole-digestate drying approaches.

Types and Features of LFOM & PROM Drying

For LFOM processing, Kerone provides rising/falling film evaporators for liquid concentration (typically from 3% to 15–20% DM), as well as spray dryer systems capable of producing a free-flowing LFOM powder at 95%+ dry matter, suitable for bagging, precision application, and export as a certified nitrogen fertiliser. PROM drying systems from Kerone are predominantly low-temperature belt dryers where infrared pre-drying panels can be incorporated at the inlet zone to accelerate surface moisture removal, reducing overall belt length and system footprint. All LFOM evaporation and PROM drying systems are engineered with ammonia recovery provisions, capturing stripped nitrogen as ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate solution using acid scrubber columns integrated into the vapour exhaust circuit.

Key Features

  • Separate processing lines for LFOM and PROM fractions, each optimised for the physical and chemical characteristics of the respective stream
  • LFOM falling-film evaporators operating under vacuum (50–80 mbar absolute) to enable gentle concentration at temperatures below 65°C without protein denaturation
  • Integrated ammonia stripping and acid scrubbing circuit for nitrogen capture from evaporator vapour streams, producing marketable ammonium sulphate solution
  • PROM belt dryers with infrared inlet pre-treatment zone for rapid surface drying, reducing total belt residence time by 20–30% compared to convection-only designs
  • Low-temperature operation (55–85°C maximum drying air temperature) maintaining biological activity indicators and organic nitrogen availability in the final PROM product
  • Automated fraction diverting systems with inline dry matter measurement ensuring consistent split-point control between LFOM and PROM processing trains
  • Condensate recovery and re-use systems reducing process water consumption and minimising liquid effluent volumes for discharge or re-use in the AD reactor
  • Hygienic design construction with wash-down capability and CIP-compatible spray nozzle systems for operational cleaning without equipment dismantling

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Applications of LFOM & PROM Drying

Kerone’s LFOM & PROM Drying systems are extensively used in advanced biogas plants and fertiliser production operations. Typical applications include:
    • Precision fermentation AD facilities separating digestate fractions to produce distinct nitrogen-rich liquid fertiliser and phosphorus-dense solid biofertiliser product lines
    • Nutrient recovery operations extracting maximum nitrogen and potassium value from LFOM for direct use as liquid organic fertiliser in controlled environment agriculture
    • PROM drying installations for organic arable farming cooperatives producing certified organic soil amendment materials from verified input feedstocks
    • Industrial food waste AD plants with co-located fertiliser packaging operations using spray-dried LFOM powder as a concentrated nutrient product
    • Municipal water authority biosolids operations co-processing LFOM from sludge digestion to recover ammonium sulphate as a commercial by-product
    • Biorefinery platforms integrating LFOM concentration with cellulosic bioethanol production where separated fibre PROM is co-dried as an energy-dense solid fuel
The differentiated treatment of LFOM and PROM is one of the most commercially significant advances in digestate management, and Kerone Engineering Solutions is at the forefront of engineering the separation, concentration, and drying systems that enable this value differentiation. By applying the correct thermal technology to each fraction, Kerone’s clients achieve better agronomic products, more complete nutrient recovery, lower treatment costs, and stronger commercial returns from their AD operations.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  • LFOM is the liquid fraction separated from raw digestate by screw press or centrifuge, high moisture, high dissolved nitrogen. PROM is the retained solid cake, lower moisture, higher fibre and phosphorus. Each requires a fundamentally different drying or concentration approach.

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