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CO2 Transport and Storage

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Introduction

We at Kerone, dedicated to manufacture and install the pressing issue of Carbon dioxide (CO2) emission by providing an innovative solution for safe and efficient CO2 Transport and Storage. With a team of experts and commitment to sustainability we at Kerone offer a range of solutions that help business to reduce the carbon footprint and contribute to a greener and more sustainable future.

CCS emits as much CO2 as it captures, thereby netting approximately 72 to 90% emission reduction even though it can capture up to 85-95% carbon dioxide at the cost of energy consumed to separate it hence the net downstream emissions.

After capturing CO2 from any process, it needs to be transported to an appropriate repository. CO2 can be most efficiently transported at pressures that are higher than 7.4MPa and approximately 31˚C temperatures. Under these conditions, the CO2 acts as a liquid with gas-like properties. CO2 is ordinarily carried out using high-pressure piping systems constructed from carbon steels. Such equipment is similar to that used for carrying transportation of natural gases and ships. Large scale CO2 pipelines predominantly in sparsely populated EOR environment already exist and have been used for quite some time. Technical problems with CO2 ships may be expected, since they were only not implemented but not tried.

Appropriate areas for CO2 deposits could be old oil and gas fields, and deep saline formations below 800 m, where the environment is hot and pressurized at ambient levels that would keep the greenhouse gas in either its condensate phase or at super Physical and geo-physical trapping systems ensure that the CO2 does not migrate from its reservoir. These technologies resemble those employed in the injection of the CO2 into the reservoirs for the oil and gases industry. The storage site must have measurement and monitoring equipment’s used in observing the amount of storage space available as it decreases after well drilling and injection of the CO2. The development of special CO2 storage improvement for injection technologies is not common knowledge. Upon completion of the injection phase, plugging of the well with a proper ‘plug’ at adequate depth will have to take place in order to avoid reappearance of CO2 into higher zones, escape or contacting the ground water.

Why Choose Kerone CO2 Transport and Storage

Kerone brings comprehensive engineering expertise in high-pressure gas systems, pipeline design, and subsurface injection to CO2 transport and storage projects. Our team applies proven engineering standards and codes to design CO2 compression trains, dehydration systems, pipeline networks, and injection wellheads that operate safely and reliably in demanding environments. We understand the unique material compatibility, corrosion, and phase behavior challenges posed by CO2 transport, and our designs account for dense-phase, supercritical, and gaseous CO2 transport conditions. Kerone provides full FEED (Front-End Engineering Design) and detailed engineering services for CO2 transport and storage projects, from capture point to final storage.

Types and Features of CO2 Transport and Storage

Kerone’s CO2 Transport and Storage systems include CO2 Compression and Dehydration Systems (for pipeline-ready dense-phase CO2 conditioning), CO2 Pipeline Networks (onshore and offshore dense-phase CO2 transmission), Truck and ISO Container Transport Systems (for small to medium CO2 volumes), Ship-Based CO2 Transport Systems (for large-scale offshore or international transport), Geological Storage Injection Systems (for saline aquifer or depleted reservoir CO2 injection), and Monitoring, Measurement, and Verification (MMV) Systems (for confirming storage integrity and leakage prevention).

Environmental Impact of CO2 Transport and Storage

Despite being required in averting global warming, carbon dioxide transport and storage does have some degree of environmental implications and entails various risks. For many systems that rely on pipelines for transportation and tanks for storage, one big area of concern is the likelihood of leaks occurring. Carbon dioxide can have harmful effects on human life as well as the environment; hence, if it escapes from the storage location it can be detrimental. Specifically, carbon dioxide acts as a greenhouse gas and may displace oxygen in confined spaces, causing suffocation. Therefore, careful design, monitoring, and regulation are required in order to reduce these risks.

Moreover, transporting CO2 uses additional energy, thereby creating another environmental implication, specifically those resulting from the use of carbon-based infrastructure. Habitat destruction and land-use changes can occur due to the construction of pipelines or tanker systems. Therefore, alternative efficient transport methods must be taken into consideration together with comprehensive environmental impact assessments.

Geological storage of CO2 also comes with its own set of geological and groundwater risks. This includes the possibility of induced seismic activity, leakage into groundwater resources, as well as localized geological challenges. Addressing these risks requires proper site selection, extensive monitoring, and strict regulatory enforcement.

Proper management of the long-term stability of such storage sites is a key requirement, as any unexpected leaks may lead to catastrophic consequences. Continuous monitoring and maintenance of storage areas over years or even millennia is essential to ensure that carbon dioxide remains securely stored.

Although CO2 transportation and storage are important tools for addressing climate change, their successful implementation requires thorough safety measures and environmental assessments to minimize risks and ensure the long-term sustainability of reduced carbon emissions.

Key Features

High-pressure CO2 compression trains designed for dense-phase pipeline transport
Dehydration and conditioning systems to prevent hydrate formation and corrosion
Carbon steel and corrosion-resistant alloy pipeline design for CO2 service
Wellhead and downhole injection systems for geological CO2 storage
Real-time pipeline monitoring with pressure and flow safety systems
Monitoring, measurement, and verification (MMV) systems for storage sites
Compliance with ISO 27914, IEAGHG, and applicable pipeline design codes
Risk assessment and emergency response planning for CO2 transport systems

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Future-Ready Engineering Driven by AI & IoT

Our advanced AI, ML, and IoT technologies, this solution delivers smarter automation, real-time insights, and predictive intelligence to enhance efficiency and drive future-ready growth.

Real-Time Monitoring & Control

Continuous tracking of process parameters with instant adjustments.

Predictive Maintenance

Intelligent fault detection to prevent failures before they occur.

Adaptive Process Optimization

Dynamic tuning of operations for maximum output and efficiency.

Cloud Dashboards & Analytics

Unified access to real-time insights and performance trends.

Energy & Resource Savings

Smarter utilization of energy to cut costs and reduce waste.

Secure IoT Connectivity

Encrypted data flow with seamless integration across plant systems.

Applications of CO2 Transport and Storage

Kerone’s CO2 Transport and Storage systems are extensively used in large-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects requiring reliable CO2 movement and long-term containment. Typical applications include:

Industrial CCS projects — transporting CO2 from cement, steel, and power plants to storage sites
Offshore geological storage — injecting CO2 into depleted oil and gas reservoirs or saline aquifers
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) — transporting CO2 to injection sites for subsurface oil displacement
CO2 hubs and clusters — shared transport infrastructure serving multiple industrial emitters
Ship-based CO2 transport — marine transport of liquefied CO2 for offshore storage projects
Small-scale CO2 logistics — truck and container-based CO2 distribution for industrial users

Kerone’s co2 transport and storage technologies deliver superior performance, long-term reliability, and high energy efficiency. Designed to meet modern industrial and environmental challenges, Kerone ensures tailored engineering, optimized processing, and premium output quality across various sectors.